Alkanes

=__**Alkanes**__ =

//by: Anne Smolko//
  -//Alkanes// are hydrocarbons with only single bonds -//Hydrocarbons// are made up of only carbon and hydrogen atoms and have //stable carbon-carbon bonds//



-They contain the largest possible number of hydrogen atoms per carbon atom so they're called saturated carbons

-Alkanes are written with a //condensed structural formula notation// -Tells how the atoms are bonded together but doesn't require drawing all the bonds


 * Lewis Structure for Butane** **Condensed Structures for Butane**

-The VSEPR geometry of an alkane is //tetrahedral// and have sp3 hybridized orbitals around the carbon

VSEPR model of propane

- Rotation around the carbon-carbon atom occurs rapidly at room temperature which causes alkanes to constantly change their chape (Almost like a chain being shaken)

 **Structural Isomers**
- Straight-chain hydrocarbons have all of their carbon atoms joined in a continuous chain -Some examples are methane, ethane, propane, butane, and hexane -Branched-chain hydrocarbons are alkanes with at least four more carbon atoms -The number of structural isomers possible increases as the number of carbons in the alkane increases


 * isopentane**

Chemistry The Central Science Brown, Lemay, Bursten http://www.chem.queensu.ca/people/faculty/mombourquette/FirstYrChem/Molecular/VSEPR/molecules/CHFCLBRA.GIF http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Butane-condensed-structural-formulae.png/800px-Butane-condensed-structural-formulae.png http://preparatorychemistry.com/images/butane_ls_CS.gif http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Isopentane-3D-balls.png/777px-Isopentane-3D-balls.png http://www.chemistryexplained.com/images/chfa_03_img0656.jpg