Substitution+Reactions

Substitution Reactions are pretty straight forward. They are the reactions that aromatic hydrocarbons undergo when one atom of a molecule is removed and is replaced by a different atom or group of atom. The Hydrogen atom of a core group, like a benzene ring, is replaced by a different functional group.

This list shows Benzene after it has undergone substitution reactions and one of the Hydrogens has been replaced by something else.

Benzene C6H6 Toluene C6H5-CH3 Xylene C6H4(-CH3)2 Mesitylene C6H3(-CH3)3 Phenol C6H5-OH Aniline C6H5-NH2 Chlorobenzene C6H5-Cl Nitrobenzene C6H5-NO2 Benzoic acid C6H5-COOH Picric acid C6H2(-OH)(-NO2)3 Trinitrotoluene C6H2(-CH3)(-NO2)3 Salicylic acid C6H4(-OH)(-COOH) Acetylsalicylic acid C6H4(-O-C(=O)-CH3)(-COOH) Paracetamol C6H4(-NH-C(=O)-CH3)(-OH) Phenacetin C6H4(-NH-C(=O)-CH3)(-O-CH2-CH3)

Here are some diagrams of substitution reactions: Bursten, Brown, & LeMay. __Chemistry: The Central Science, 9th Edition__. http://www.cliffsnotes.com/WileyCDA/CliffsReviewTopic/Electrophilic-Aromatic-Substitution-Reactions.topicArticleId-23297,articleId-23244.html [|http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Substitution_reactions)]