Naming+Simple+Alkanes+and+Alcohols

Alkanes: Examples: Chemical structure of Methane (CH4) **Alcohols**: (also known as aliphatic alcohols)
 * Alkanes are compounds that contains only carbon and hydrogen, otherwise known as a hydrocarbon, where in these atoms are linked together by only single bonds.
 * Each carbon atom must have 4 bonds (either C-H or C-C bonds), and each hydrogen atom must be joined to a carbon atom (H-C bonds).
 * Each of the alkanes has a name that ends in //**-ane.**//
 * The three simplest alkanes are methane, ethane, and propane. They contain one, two, and three carbon atoms respectively.
 * For alkanes with five or more carbon atoms, the names are derived from prefixes.
 * Molecular Formula || IUPAC Name ||
 * CH4 || **Meth**ane ||
 * C2H6 || **Eth**ane ||
 * C3H8 || **Prop**ane ||
 * C4H10 || **But**ane ||
 * C5H12 || **Pen**tane ||
 * C6H14 || **Hex**ane ||
 * C7H16 || **Hept**ane ||
 * C8H18 || **Oct**ane ||
 * C9H20 || **Non**ane ||
 * C10H22 || **Dec**ane ||

Functional group of alcohol molecule
 * An alcohol is obtained by replacing an H atom of an alkane with an --OH group.
 * The name of the alcohol is derived from that of the alkane by adding an **//-anol//** ending.

Examples: Methanol (CH3OH), Ethanol (C2H5OH), and propanol (C3H7OH). Chemical structure of Methanol

Structure formula for Ethanol


 * Propanol (isopropyl alcohol or rubbing alcohol):**
 * Propanol is a common colorless flammable chemical compound.
 * It has a molecular formula C3H7OH, and is the simplest example of secondary alcohol.
 * Isopropyl alcohol is cheaply available. Like acetone, it dissolves a wide range of nonpolar compounds. It is also relatively nontoxic and dries quickly. Thus it is used widely as a solvent and as a cleaning fluid.



-Octanol
 * Chemical Formula || Formula Rewritten || Name ||
 * CH4O || CH3OH || **Meth**anol ||
 * C2H6O || CH3(CH2)OH || **Eth**anol ||
 * C3H8O || CH3(CH2)2OH || **Prop**anol ||
 * C4H10O || CH3(CH2)3OH || **But**anol ||
 * C5H12O || CH3(CH2)4OH || **Pent**anol ||
 * C6H14O || CH3(CH2)5OH || **Hex**anol ||
 * C7H16O || CH3(CH2)6OH || **Sept**anol ||
 * C8H18O || CH3(CH2)7OH || **Oct**anol ||

Fatty Alcohols
Fatty alcohols are aliphatic alcohols created from fat or oils, which contain 8 carbon atoms or more. The number of carbons in a fatty alcohol can range from 8 to 34 carbons in a chain with an OH group connected to the terminal carbon. Fatty alcohols originated in plants but are also synthesized in algae and animals.

Interesting fact-Fatty alcohols have been shown to have anticancer, antiviral, antifungal, anti-HIV properties.

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 * Brown, LeMay, Bursten. __Chemistry The Central Science.__ Prentice Hall.